TY - JOUR
T1 - Explicit continuum scale modeling of low-salinity mechanisms
AU - Ott, Holger
AU - Kurgyis, Kata
AU - Hommel, Johannes
AU - Flemisch, Bernd
AU - Helmig, Rainer
PY - 2021/4/1
Y1 - 2021/4/1
N2 - Understanding the influence of injection water composition on the displacement efficiency has been a long-standing issue in reservoir engineering; a reduction of the injection water salinity can lead to additional oil production, which is considered a low-cost and environmentally friendly method for enhanced oil recovery. Several underlying chemical mechanisms have been identified; however, the identification of the governing mechanisms remains difficult and specific to the chemical setting of the reservoir and injection water composition. In this work, we implement two potential mechanisms, namely, double layer expansion and multicomponent ion exchange, to achieve an explicit description of low-salinity effects in the open-source continuum-scale flow simulator DuMuX, with the goal of designing and interpreting experiments, and upscaling the results. By assuming sets of input parameters, we show that there is a minimum required core length dependent on the dispersion of the chemical flooding front dominated by sample heterogeneity. Above this length scale, the saturation profile is fully developed, and the chemical effluent analysis is conclusive, which both is required to calibrate continuum scale models. The change in the chemical water composition shows a characteristic fingerprint for both investigated mechanisms and therefore allows the identification of the leading low-salinity mechanism. The model is publicly available.
AB - Understanding the influence of injection water composition on the displacement efficiency has been a long-standing issue in reservoir engineering; a reduction of the injection water salinity can lead to additional oil production, which is considered a low-cost and environmentally friendly method for enhanced oil recovery. Several underlying chemical mechanisms have been identified; however, the identification of the governing mechanisms remains difficult and specific to the chemical setting of the reservoir and injection water composition. In this work, we implement two potential mechanisms, namely, double layer expansion and multicomponent ion exchange, to achieve an explicit description of low-salinity effects in the open-source continuum-scale flow simulator DuMuX, with the goal of designing and interpreting experiments, and upscaling the results. By assuming sets of input parameters, we show that there is a minimum required core length dependent on the dispersion of the chemical flooding front dominated by sample heterogeneity. Above this length scale, the saturation profile is fully developed, and the chemical effluent analysis is conclusive, which both is required to calibrate continuum scale models. The change in the chemical water composition shows a characteristic fingerprint for both investigated mechanisms and therefore allows the identification of the leading low-salinity mechanism. The model is publicly available.
KW - Low-salinity Double layer expansion Multicomponent ion exchange Reactive transport modeling Dispersion IOR EOR
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85098939109&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.petrol.2020.108336
DO - 10.1016/j.petrol.2020.108336
M3 - Article
VL - 2021
JO - Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering
JF - Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering
IS - 199
M1 - 108336
ER -